Lung cancer is caused by abnormal cells or a malignant tumour growing uncontrollably in one or both lungs. Around 34 people in Australia are diagnosed every day.
While it has a higher mortality rate than cancers like prostate, breast and melanoma, the good news is that treatment is available and there are ways to reduce your risk and improve your lung health now.
Breaking the stigma
Understanding what causes lung cancer and how we can care for our lungs can help reduce risk and better support those diagnosed with lung cancer or living with chronic lung conditions.
According to Lung Foundation Australia, Australians have the lowest level of sympathy towards people with lung cancer among 15 surveyed nations, largely due to its association with smoking.
What causes lung cancer?
Many people believe smoking is the only risk factor associated with lung cancer. However, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 10 men diagnosed with lung cancer have no history of smoking.
Risk factors include:
- Smoking tobacco or exposure to second-hand smoke
- Exposure to asbestos, radioactive gases and harmful occupational substances (including arsenic, diesel fumes and soot)
- A history of lung diseases such as lung fibrosis and emphysema
- Family history
What symptoms should I look out for?
Symptoms can be vague and similar to other common conditions, which is one reason lung cancer is often diagnosed later. They may include:
- A cough (new, persistent or a change in an existing cough)
- Breathlessness
- Chest pain
- Hoarseness
- Coughing up blood
- Fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, the Lung Foundation Australia recommends making an appointment with your doctor or health professional.
Caring for your lungs
Looking after your lungs is important for more than just reducing your risk of lung cancer. Here are some ways to support your lung health:
- Quit smoking and reduce exposure to second-hand smoke.
- Avoid pollutants by using protective equipment where needed and paying attention to air quality warnings, including smoke and pollution.
- Prevent infection by maintaining good hygiene, staying home when unwell and considering appropriate vaccinations based on your circumstances.
- Stay active and eat well to support overall health and lung function.
- Visit lungfoundation.com.au to access resources and support, and take their online lung health check.
- Speak to your doctor if you experience symptoms or have concerns about your health.
Sources: Lung Foundation Australia and Cancer Council Australia.
